Epidemiology

Incidence

Chlamydia is the most common reportable STD in the United States. There are 3 million estimated cases of chlamydia in the U.S. each year.

The direct and indirect annual costs of chlamydial infection, including costs of treating complications, total $2.4 billion. Yet, this figure may not adequately represent the cost of the disease since many cases of chlamydia are asymptomatic and not reported, or because they co-exist with gonorrhea and they are reported as such, or both.

Prevalence

Chlamydia is a reportable STD in all 50 states. The reported rate of chlamydia is three times higher in women than in men; this differential can most likely be attributed to the higher rate of screening in women. However, screening of males has increased with the introduction of new urine-based tests, and reported cases of chlamydia in males likely will increase.

Chlamydia positivity in CDC’s prevalence monitoring system differs in various populations and settings.

• Family planning clinics: 3.0%-14.2%
• Youth detention facilities: 6.3% -28.3%
• Indian Health Service: 7.4%-9.7%
• National Job Training Program entrants: 4.4% -16.8%

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