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 1 Vibration energy absorption (VEA) in human fingers-hand-arm system
Authors Dong-RG; Schopper-AW; McDowell-TW; Welcome-DE; Wu-JZ; Smutz-WP; Warren-C; Rakheja-S 
Source Med Eng Phys 2004 Jul; 26(6):483-492 
Link http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2004.02.003 
NIOSHTIC No. 20025396 
AbstractA methodology for measuring the vibration energy absorbed into the fingers and the palm exposed to vibration is proposed to study the distribution of the vibration energy absorption (VEA) in the fingers-hand-arm system and to explore its potential association with vibration-induced white finger (VWF). The study involved 12 adult male subjects, constant-velocity sinusoidal excitations at 10 different discrete frequencies in the range of 16-1000 Hz, and four different hand-handle coupling conditions (finger pull-only, hand grip-only, palm push-only, and combined grip and push). The results of the study suggest that the VEA into the fingers is considerably less than that into the palm at low frequencies (< or = 25 Hz). They are, however, comparable under the excitations in the 250-1000 Hz frequency range. The finger VEA at high frequencies (> or = 100 Hz) is practically independent of the hand-handle coupling condition. The coupling conditions affect the VEA into the fingers and the palm very differently. The finger VEA results suggest that the ISO standardized frequency weighting (ISO 5349-1, 2001) may underestimate the effect of high frequency vibration on vibration-induced finger disorders. The proposed method may provide new opportunities to examine VEA and its association with VWF and other types of vibration-induced disorders in the hand-arm system. 
KeywordsVibration-effects; Vibration-exposure; Vibration-disease; Hand-injuries; Arm-injuries; Occupational-exposure; Demographic-characteristics; Sex-factors 
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